What are the processing methods for shaft parts?
Shaft parts processing Shaft is a common typical part. According to the structural form of shaft parts, they can generally be divided into three types: smooth shaft, trapezoidal shaft and special-shaped shaft; they can also be divided into solid shaft, hollow shaft, etc. They are used to support gears, pulleys and other transmission parts in the machine to transmit torque or motion. The processing technology of stepper shaft parts is relatively typical, reflecting the main content and basic rules of shaft parts processing technology. The following takes the reduction box transmission shaft as an example to introduce the processing technology of general step shafts.
For industrial products, shaft parts are suitable for parts maintenance work of one or more CNC machine tools. Shaft is one of the common typical parts in hardware accessories. It is mainly used to support transmission parts, transmit torque and load. According to the different structural forms of shaft parts, it can generally be divided into three types: smooth shaft, trapezoidal shaft and special-shaped shaft, and can also be divided into solid shaft, hollow shaft, etc.
The shaft system is supported by bearings, and the shaft section that matches the bearing is called the journal. The journal is the assembly reference of the shaft. Its accuracy and surface quality requirements are generally high. Its technical requirements are generally determined by the main function and working conditions of the shaft, and usually include the following items:
1. Surface roughness.
Normally, the surface roughness of the shaft diameter that matches the transmission part is between Ra2.5~0.63μm, and the supporting shaft diameter that matches the bearing is between Ra0.63~0.16μm.
2. The accuracy of mutual positioning.
The positioning accuracy of shaft parts mainly depends on their position and function in the machinery. Generally, the journal of the combined transmission part has high coaxiality requirements for the supporting journal, otherwise it will affect the transmission accuracy and noise of the transmission part (gear, etc.). The general accuracy is generally between 0.01~0.03 mm, the accuracy of the high-precision shaft (spindle) is generally between 0.001~0.005 mm, and the radial runout of the matching shaft segment to the journal is generally within 0.03 mm.
3. The accuracy of the geometric shape.
The geometric accuracy of the shaft mainly refers to the roundness and cylindricity of the journal, outer cone, Morse taper, etc. Generally, the tolerance should be limited within the dimensional tolerance range. The accuracy requirements for the inner and outer circular surfaces are relatively high, and the allowable deviation should be indicated on the drawing.
Fourth, dimensional accuracy.
As a supporting journal, in order to determine the axis position, the dimensional accuracy requirements are usually relatively high (IT5~IT7). On this basis, the requirements for the dimensional accuracy of the journal are proposed (IT6~IT9).
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