Commonly used metal materials for aerospace parts and their performance characteristics
1: Aluminum alloy
Aluminum alloy has many advantages, such as low density, corrosion resistance, high strength, high rigidity, and low difficulty in processing and forming. Therefore, as long as it is used properly, it can become a very ideal material in the aerospace field.
With the development of the aerospace industry, people‘s requirements for aluminum alloys are constantly changing, making its performance increasingly powerful. For example, researchers have greatly improved the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys by heat treating aluminum alloy materials, effectively improving the safety of aircraft.
With the progress of the times, new aluminum alloy materials have also been developed, so that each alloy can have different properties and characteristics, so that its load-bearing capacity and fatigue life in different parts of use are also greatly improved.
2: Titanium alloy
According to research, titanium and titanium alloy materials have a relatively low density, but high specific strength, and are corrosion-resistant, high-temperature resistant, stable performance, and non-magnetic. The material can be directly connected to the composite structure. Since the thermal expansion coefficients between titanium alloys and composite materials are relatively similar, it is not easy to produce electrochemical corrosion between them, and its comprehensive performance is relatively good.
Therefore, titanium alloys are also widely used in the aerospace field. When the aircraft is flying at high speed, the temperature of the fuselage surface may exceed the limit of conventional aluminum alloys. However, if other materials, such as steel, are used as the fuselage material, the weight of the fuselage will increase, affecting the flight speed and ceiling.
If the fuselage uses titanium alloy, it can not only solve the problem of the fuselage surface temperature during high-speed flight, but also reduce the total weight of the fuselage. It can be said that the use of titanium alloy materials has greatly improved the performance of the aircraft.
When manufacturing aircraft engines, titanium alloy is also the main material. Another important use of titanium alloy is that it can be used as a fastener material such as bolts and rivets. Although fasteners are small in size, they play an important role in the aerospace field. The use of titanium alloy fasteners can greatly reduce weight.
3: Ultra-high strength steel
Ultra-high strength steel not only has advantages that other materials do not have in terms of strength, rigidity, toughness and price, but also has obvious advantages under extremely high load conditions. Under extremely high load conditions, it not only has good reliability, but also has a long life. Therefore, this material is widely used in the aerospace field.
For example, ultra-high strength steel is used in the manufacturing process of aircraft landing gear. Since the landing gear needs to withstand complex loads such as impact, and the load it needs to withstand is very large, but the volume of the landing gear compartment is relatively small while ensuring that the landing gear withstands the load, the high strength and stability of ultra-high strength steel make it the preferred material for landing gear.
4: Magnesium alloy
The low density, light weight, strong shock resistance and ability to withstand large impact loads of magnesium alloy make it widely used in the field of spacecraft. It is mainly used as the material of aircraft frames, seats, engine casings and gearboxes and other parts.
After reading the above introduction, you can know that aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, ultra-high strength steel and magnesium alloy are commonly used metal materials in the manufacturing process of aerospace parts.
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